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About formatting¶
Import execution context for demonstration purposes.
>>> from lino.utils import *
Miscellanous string conversion¶
Conversion between str and hex examples using str2hex() and
hex2str() functions:
>>> str2hex('-L')
'2d4c'
>>> hex2str('2d4c')
'-L'
>>> hex2str('')
''
>>> str2hex('')
''
The following examples demonstrates the use of the functions camelize()
and uncamel():
>>> camelize("ABC DEF")
'Abc Def'
>>> camelize("ABC def")
'Abc def'
>>> camelize("eID")
'eID'
>>> uncamel('EventsByClient')
'events_by_client'
>>> uncamel('Events')
'events'
>>> uncamel('HTTPResponseCodeXYZ')
'http_response_code_xyz'
Formatting currencies¶
The following examples demonstrate the use of the function moneyfmt()
which converts a decimal value into money format:
>>> d = Decimal('-1234567.8901')
>>> print(moneyfmt(d, curr='$'))
-$1,234,567.89
>>> print(moneyfmt(d, places=0, sep='.', dp='', neg='', trailneg='-'))
1.234.568-
>>> print(moneyfmt(d, curr='$', neg='(', trailneg=')'))
($1,234,567.89)
>>> print(moneyfmt(Decimal(123456789), sep=' '))
123 456 789.00
>>> print(moneyfmt(Decimal('-0.02'), neg='<', trailneg='>'))
<0.02>
Converting HTML to odf¶
This section provides some examples of using the module
lino.utils.html2odf to convert HTML into odf document and also discusses
about some incapabilities of the module.
Examples:
>>> from lino.utils.html2odf import *
>>> from etgen.html import E, tostring
>>> def test(e):
... print (tostring(e))
... print (toxml(html2odf(e)))
>>> test(E.p("This is a ", E.b("first"), " test."))
...
<p>This is a <b>first</b> test.</p>
<text:p xmlns:text="urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:text:1.0">This
is a <text:span text:style-name="Strong Emphasis">first</text:span>
test.</text:p>
>>> test(E.p(E.b("This")," is another test."))
...
<p><b>This</b> is another test.</p>
<text:p xmlns:text="urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:text:1.0"><text:span
text:style-name="Strong Emphasis">This</text:span> is another test.</text:p>
>>> test(E.p(E.strong("This")," is another test."))
...
<p><strong>This</strong> is another test.</p>
<text:p xmlns:text="urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:text:1.0"><text:span
text:style-name="Strong Emphasis">This</text:span> is another test.</text:p>
>>> test(E.p(E.i("This")," is another test."))
...
<p><i>This</i> is another test.</p>
<text:p xmlns:text="urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:text:1.0"><text:span
text:style-name="Emphasis">This</text:span> is another test.</text:p>
>>> test(E.td(E.p("This is another test.")))
...
<td><p>This is another test.</p></td>
<text:p xmlns:text="urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:text:1.0">This
is another test.</text:p>
>>> test(E.td(E.p(E.b("This"), " is another test.")))
...
<td><p><b>This</b> is another test.</p></td>
<text:p xmlns:text="urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:text:1.0"><text:span
text:style-name="Strong Emphasis">This</text:span> is another test.</text:p>
>>> test(E.ul(E.li("First item"),E.li("Second item")))
...
<ul><li>First item</li><li>Second item</li></ul>
<text:list xmlns:text="urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:text:1.0"
text:style-name="podBulletedList"><text:list-item><text:p
text:style-name="podBulletItem">First item</text:p></text:list-item><text:list-item><text:p
text:style-name="podBulletItem">Second item</text:p></text:list-item></text:list>
N.B.: the above chunk is obviously not correct since Writer doesn’t display it. (How can I debug a generated odt file? I mean if my content.xml is syntactically valid but Writer …) Idea: validate it against the ODF specification using lxml
Here is another HTML fragment which doesn’t yield a valid result:
>>> from lxml import etree
>>> html = '<td><div><p><b>Bold</b></p></div></td>'
>>> print(toxml(html2odf(etree.fromstring(html))))
<text:p xmlns:text="urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:text:1.0"/>
html2odf.html2odf() converts bold text to a span with a style named
“Strong Emphasis”. That’s currently a hard-coded name, and the caller
must make sure that a style of that name is defined in the document.
The text formats <i> and <em> are converted to a style “Emphasis”.
Edge case:
>>> print (toxml(html2odf("Plain string")))
<text:p xmlns:text="urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:text:1.0">Plain string</text:p>
>>> print (toxml(html2odf(u"Ein schöner Text")))
<text:p xmlns:text="urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:text:1.0">Ein schöner Text</text:p>
The following is an example for #788. Conversion fails if a sequence of paragraph-level items are grouped using a div:
>>> test(E.div(E.p("Two numbered items:"),
... E.ol(E.li("first"), E.li("second"))))
...
Traceback (most recent call last):
...
IllegalText: The <text:section> element does not allow text
>>> from lxml import etree
>>> test(etree.fromstring('<ul type="disc"><li>First</li><li>Second</li></ul>'))
<ul type="disc"><li>First</li><li>Second</li></ul>
<text:list xmlns:text="urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:text:1.0" text:style-name="podBulletedList"><text:list-item><text:p text:style-name="podBulletItem">First</text:p></text:list-item><text:list-item><text:p text:style-name="podBulletItem">Second</text:p></text:list-item></text:list>
>>> test(E.p(E.dl(E.dt("Foo"), E.dl("A foobar without bar."))))
Traceback (most recent call last):
...
NotImplementedError: <dl> inside <text:p>
Converting HTML into XHTML¶
The following examples demonstrates the use of the function
html2xhtml.html2xhtml() to convert HTML document into XHTML document:
>>> from lino.utils.html2xhtml import *
>>> print(html2xhtml('''\
... <p>Hello, world!<br>Again I say: Hello, world!</p>
... <img src="foo.org" alt="Foo">'''))
...
<p>Hello, world!<br />
Again I say: Hello, world!</p>
<img src="foo.org" alt="Foo" />
Above test is currently skipped because tidylib output can slightly
differ (alt="Foo"> versus alt="Foo" >) depending on the
installed version of tidylib.
>>> html = '''\
... <p style="font-family: "Verdana";">Verdana</p>'''
>>> print(html2xhtml(html))
<p style="font-family: "Verdana";">Verdana</p>
>>> print(html2xhtml('A & B'))
A & B
>>> print(html2xhtml('a < b'))
a < b
A <div> inside a <span> is not valid XHTML. Neither is a <li> inside a <strong>.
But how to convert it? Inline tags must be “temporarily” closed before and reopended after a block element.
>>> print(html2xhtml('<p>foo<span class="c">bar<div> oops </div>baz</span>bam</p>'))
<p>foo<span class="c">bar</span></p>
<div><span class="c">oops</span></div>
<span class="c">baz</span>bam
>>> print(html2xhtml('''<strong><ul><em><li>Foo</li></em><li>Bar</li></ul></strong>'''))
<ul>
<li><strong><em>Foo</em></strong></li>
<li><strong>Bar</strong></li>
</ul>
In HTML it was tolerated to not end certain tags. For example, a string “<p>foo<p>bar<p>baz” converts to “<p>foo</p><p>bar</p><p>baz</p>”.
>>> print(html2xhtml('<p>foo<p>bar<p>baz'))
<p>foo</p>
<p>bar</p>
<p>baz</p>