Python crash courses¶

This section is for people who know the basics of Python but who are not yet experienced experts. It quickly explains certain things you need to know because Lino uses them.

What is sys.argv¶

Download link: https://gitlab.com/lino-framework/book/-/tree/master/docs/dev/newbies/1.py

import sys

print(sys.argv)  # a list

s = ''

for i in sys.argv:
    s += i

print(s)

What is os.environ¶

Download link: https://gitlab.com/lino-framework/book/-/tree/master/docs/dev/newbies/2.py

mo = {"a": 2, "b": 2, "c": 6}

print(type(mo))

print(mo['a'])

import os

print(type(os.environ))

print(os.environ['PATH'])

About class inheritance¶

Download link: https://gitlab.com/lino-framework/book/-/tree/master/docs/dev/newbies/3.py

# class inheritance
"""
>>> x = OldBenz()
>>> print(x.number_of_wheels)
4
>>> print(x.get_speed())
70

>>> my = VW()
>>> print(my.number_of_wheels)
4
>>> print(my.diesel)
False

>>> print(my.star_logo)
Traceback (most recent call last):
...
AttributeError: 'VW' object has no attribute 'star_logo'

"""


class Vehicle(object):
    number_of_wheels = None

    def get_speed(self):
        """Return the maximum speed."""
        raise NotImplementedError


class Bike(Vehicle):
    number_of_wheels = 2

    def get_speed(self):
        return 20


class Car(Vehicle):
    brand = None
    number_of_wheels = 4

    def get_speed(self):
        return 90


class Benz(Car):
    star_logo = True
    brand = "Mercedes"


class OldBenz(Benz):
    star_logo = False

    def get_speed(self):
        return super(OldBenz, self).get_speed() - 20
        # super_object = super(OldBenz, self)
        # print(type(super_object))
        # meth = super_object.get_speed
        # speed = meth()
        # return speed - 20


class VW(Car):
    brand = "Volkswagen"


class VW(VW):
    diesel = False


if __name__ == '__main__':
    import doctest
    doctest.testmod()

What means “yield”¶

Download link: https://gitlab.com/lino-framework/book/-/tree/master/docs/dev/newbies/4.py

""" generator functions

>>> print(f1())
[0, 1, ..., 999]

>>> print(f2())
<generator object f2 at ...>

"""


def f1():
    l = []
    for i in range(1000):
        l.append(i)
    return l


def f2():
    for i in range(1000):
        yield i  # yield ulatama


# for i in f1():
#     print i

# # to iterate =
# for i in f2():
#     print i

if __name__ == '__main__':
    import doctest
    doctest.testmod(optionflags=doctest.ELLIPSIS)